A Reference Grammar of Modern Hebrew (Reference Grammars)

Cover
......Page 1
Title
......Page 2
Contents
......Page 5
Preface
......Page 11
1.1 Parts of speech
......Page 13
1.2 Grammatical functions
......Page 15
1.3 Words and patterns
......Page 16
1.5 Open and closed word classes......Page 19
1.6 Phrase constituents
......Page 24
1.7 Rules of agreement
......Page 25
2.1 Introduction
......Page 28
2.2 Consonants and sounds
......Page 29
2.3 Vowels
......Page 33
2.4 With or without vowel signs
......Page 36
2.5 Other diacritics
......Page 37
2.6 Syllables
......Page 39
2.7 Stress
......Page 40
2.8 Dialectal variation
......Page 43
3.1 Introduction: verb components......Page 45
3.2 Citation forms
......Page 46
3.3 Verb tenses......Page 47
3.4 Historical notes......Page 52
3.5 Moods and verbal nouns......Page 56
3.6 Verb pattern groups......Page 59
3.7 Verb categorization
......Page 63
3.8 With and without linking verbs......Page 64
3.9 Verbs with obligatory prepositions......Page 65
3.10 Action, stative and inchoative verbs......Page 66
4.1 Pa'al conjugation
......Page 68
4.2 Nif'al conjugation
......Page 83
4.3 Pi'el conjugation......Page 93
4.4 Pu'al conjugation
......Page 102
4.5 Hitpa'el conjugation
......Page 109
4.6 Hif'il conjugation......Page 120
4.7 Huf'al conjugation
......Page 131
5.1 Introduction to the noun system......Page 137
5.2 Indefinite and definite noun forms......Page 143
5.3 Gender features......Page 144
5.4 Number features......Page 149
5.5 Noun patterns......Page 151
5.6 Nouns derived from verbs......Page 155
5.7 Noun patterns associated with semantic features
......Page 159
5.8 Significant patterns (with no semantic association)......Page 165
5.9 Acronyms......Page 167
6.1 Forms of personal pronouns......Page 170
6.2 Independent subject pronouns
......Page 172
6.3 Pronoun suffixes and prefixes in verbs and in existential expressions
......Page 176
6.4 Pronouns suffixed to nouns and prepositions
......Page 180
6.5 Demonstrative pronouns......Page 182
6.6 Interrogative and relative pronouns......Page 185
6.7 Impersonal pronouns: something/nothing......Page 187
7.1 Free counting......Page 189
7.2 Cardinal numbers......Page 194
7.3 Noun phrases with cardinal numbers......Page 195
7.4 Ordinal numbers......Page 199
7.5 Fractions
......Page 200
7.6 Multiplication values......Page 201
7.7 Numeric value of letters......Page 202
7.8 Numbers in common phrases......Page 203
8.1 Introduction: forming adjectives......Page 206
8.2 Comparative and superlative adjectives
......Page 207
8.3 Forming adjectives by adding suffix -i
......Page 209
8.4 Nouns and adjectives of affiliation......Page 210
8.5 Participle forms that function as adjectives......Page 214
8.6 Special patterns......Page 216
9.2 Adverbs grouped according to form......Page 221
9.3 Adverbs grouped according to function......Page 225
9.4 Adverbs and 'degree' words......Page 226
9.5 Sentential adverbs......Page 230
10.2 The particle 'et' before definite direct objects 
......Page 237
10.3 Prepositions......Page 240
10.4 Prepositional phrases or adverbs?......Page 256
10.5 Coordinating conjunctions......Page 257
10.6 Subordinators......Page 260
10.7 Exclamation particles
......Page 262
11.1 Introduction to noun phrases
......Page 264
11.2 Noun phrase: [noun + adjective]
......Page 265
11.3 Comparative and superlative adjective phrases......Page 269
11.4 Apposition noun phrases......Page 272
11.5 Construct phrases (noun 
+ noun)......Page 273
11.6 Phrases of possession......Page 287
11.7 Phrases with demonstrative pronouns......Page 289
11.9 Numerical and quantifier phrases......Page 293
11.10 Noun phrases with determiners......Page 295
11.11 Gerunds and infinitives in noun phrases......Page 299
12.2 Verb phrases [verb + object]......Page 300
12.3 Compound verb phrases......Page 303
12.4 Grouping verb phrases by semantic considerations......Page 309
12.6 Habitual aspect phrases......Page 310
12.7 Subjunctive: would have/could have......Page 311
13.1 Introduction to modality......Page 312
13.2 Modal verb phrases......Page 313
13.3 Impersonal modal expressions......Page 317
13.4 Temporal aspects in modality......Page 318
13.5 Modality expressed by phrases with היה
......Page 323
14.1 Introduction......Page 326
14.2 Verbal sentences......Page 328
14.4 Equational sentences
......Page 330
14.5 Existential sentences
......Page 335
14.6 Sentences of possession
......Page 336
14.7 Elliptical sentences
......Page 342
14.8 Classification of sentences by function......Page 344
14.9 Classification of sentences by structure......Page 346
14.10 Simple sentences......Page 347
14.11 Coordinate/compound
sentences......Page 349
14.12 Complex sentences......Page 350
14.13 Complement clauses......Page 352
14.14 Attributive clauses......Page 356
14.15 Relative clauses......Page 357
14.16 Adverbial clauses......Page 361
14.17 Conditional sentences......Page 369
14.18 Integrated sentence
......Page 374
15.1 Introduction......Page 376
15.2 Sentence or utterance?......Page 377
15.3 Topic and comment......Page 378
15.5 Deixis: reference to person, time and location......Page 381
15.6 Direct and indirect speech......Page 385
15.7 Language registers......Page 389
15.8 Genres of text......Page 393
15.9 Cohesion and coherence of text......Page 394
15.10 Language in context: sample texts......Page 396
Appendix 1: verb tables......Page 402
Appendix 2: noun tables......Page 428
1. Following the Paradigm for Singular (Possessive) Pronoun
Suffixes......Page 437
2. Following the Paradigm for Plural (Possessive) Pronoun
Suffixes......Page 439
2. Comma......Page 440
3. Dash
......Page 442
4. Parentheses......Page 443
5. Hyphen
......Page 444
6. Quotation marks......Page 445
9. Semicolon......Page 446
11. Inverted commas/apostrophe......Page 447
Appendix 5: plene writing......Page 448
Index of grammatical topics......Page 450