Ceramic Fabrication Technology (Materials Engineering, 20)

Table of Contents......Page 0
Preface......Page 4
Contents......Page 7
Abbreviations......Page 11
1.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 12
1.2 WHY CERAMICS AND WHICH ONES......Page 14
1.3 POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF ADVANCED CERAMICS......Page 19
1.4 COST AND PROFIT FACTORS......Page 23
1.5 OVERVIEW OF CERAMIC FABRICATION TECHNOLOGY......Page 32
1.6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 35
REFERENCES......Page 36
2.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND......Page 38
2.2 PROCESSING ESTABLISHED BINARY OXIDE POWDERS VIA CONVENTIONAL CHEMICAL SALT PRECIPITATION AND CALCINATION......Page 40
2.3 PRODUCTION OF OTHER SINGLE- AND MIXED-OXIDE POWDERS VIA SALT PRECURSOR DECOMPOSITION......Page 46
2.4 DIRECT PRODUCTION OF OXIDE POWDERS......Page 52
2.5 PROCESSING OF NONOXIDE POWDERS......Page 59
2.6 POWDER PARTICLE COATING AND CHARACTERIZATION......Page 68
2.7 POWDER AND PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION......Page 71
2.8 DISCUSSION, SUMMARY, AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 73
REFERENCES......Page 74
3.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 84
3.2 USE OF ADDITIVES IN PREPARING CERAMIC POWDERS......Page 85
3.3 ADDITIVE EFFECTS ON CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC-PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS......Page 89
3.4 USE OF ADDITIVES IN THE GROWTH OF CERAMIC AND RELATED WHISKERS AND PLATELETS......Page 94
3.5 USE OF ADDITIVES IN OTHER CERAMIC PROCESSING, ESPECIALLY MELT PROCESSING......Page 96
3.6 DISCUSSION, SUMMARY, AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 101
REFERENCES......Page 102
4.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 110
4.2.1 Die Pressing......Page 111
4.2.2 Hydrostatic/Isostatic Pressing......Page 121
4.3.1 Extrusion......Page 124
4.3.2 Injection Molding......Page 129
4.4.1 Slip, Tape, and Pressure Casting......Page 132
4.4.2 Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD)......Page 137
4.5 MISCELLANEOUS POWDER CONSOLIDATION TECHNOLOGIES......Page 140
4. 6 BINDER SYSTEMS, DRYING, GREEN MACHINING, BINDER-BURNOUT, AND BISQUE FIRING/MACHINING......Page 142
4.7 SINTERING......Page 146
4.8 DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY......Page 149
REFERENCES......Page 152
5.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 158
5.2 ADDITIVES FOR DENSIFICATION OF ALUMINUM OXIDE......Page 160
5.3 OTHER OXIDES......Page 166
5.4.1 Aluminates......Page 177
5.4.3 Ferrites......Page 178
5.4.4 Electrical Ceramics......Page 180
5.5 NONOXIDES......Page 183
5.6 CERAMIC COMPOSITES......Page 192
5.7 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 195
REFERENCES......Page 198
6.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 216
6.2.1 Practice and Results......Page 217
6.2.2 Extending Practical Capabilities of Hot Pressing......Page 226
6.3 PRESS FORGING AND OTHER DEFORMATION FORMING PROCESSES......Page 231
6.4 HOT ISOSTATIC PRESSING (HIRING)......Page 236
6.5 REACTION PROCESSING......Page 239
6.6.1 Glasses and Polycrystalline Bodies......Page 257
6.6.2 Single Crystals......Page 262
6.6.3 Eutectic Ceramics and Directional Crystallization of Glasses......Page 268
6.7 SUMMARY......Page 270
REFERENCES......Page 272
7.2.1 Introduction to Miscellaneous and Polymer- Derived Ceramic Fibers......Page 281
7.2.2 Preparation of Ceramic Fibers from Ceramic Powders and by Conversion of Other Fibers......Page 286
7.2.3 CVD of Ceramic Filaments and Melt-Derived Fibers and Filaments......Page 289
7.2.4 Fiber and Filament Behavior, Uses in Composites, and Future Directions......Page 292
7.3.1 Introduction......Page 294
7.3.2 Porous Bodies via Ceramic Bead and Balloon and Other Fabrication Methods......Page 299
7.4.1 Introduction and Methods......Page 303
7.4.2 SFF Applications, Comparisons, and Trends......Page 308
7.5 CERAMIC FIBER COMPOSITES......Page 313
7.6 COATINGS......Page 317
7.7 DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY......Page 320
REFERENCES......Page 321
8.2.1 Anion/Gaseous Impurities and Outgassing Prior to or During Certification......Page 328
8.2.2 Effects of Alternate Heating Methods......Page 333
8.2.3 Fabrication of Ceramic Composites......Page 336
8.3.1 Machining and Surface Finishing......Page 340
8.3.2 Component Inspection and Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE)......Page 344
8.3.3 Attachment and Joining......Page 346
8.4 FABRICATION OVERVIEW AND OPPORTUNITES TO IMPROVE MANUFACTURING PROCESSES......Page 352
REFERENCES......Page 359