Ambrose and John Chrysostom: Clerics between Desert and Empire

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 8
Abbreviations......Page 12
Introduction......Page 14
I. BACKGROUND AND FORERUNNERS......Page 20
(i) Sexual purity in the Graeco-Roman world......Page 22
(ii) ‘The care of the self ’ in the early Empire......Page 25
(iii) The development of Christian asceticism......Page 36
(iv) Christian asceticism becomes a mass movement and institutionalized: the role of Antony......Page 47
(i) Republic and Early Empire......Page 56
(ii) Church and State: a new situation and a new problem......Page 61
(iii) A loyal opposition......Page 65
II. AMBROSE......Page 68
(i) Life and letters......Page 70
(ii) Ambrose and the ascetic movement......Page 76
(iii) Ambrose on virgins and widows......Page 79
(iv) Ambrose, preacher and champion of the Nicene cause......Page 86
(i) De officiis ministrorum......Page 90
(ii) The Apologies for David......Page 93
(i) The conflict over the use of a basilica......Page 98
(ii) Ambrose and the massacre at Thessalonica......Page 102
(iii) The significance of the affairs of the Altar of Victory and the synagogue of Callinicum......Page 104
III. CHRYSOSTOM......Page 108
(i) The Syrian tradition of asceticism......Page 110
(ii) Urban and extra-urban asceticism......Page 118
(iii) Monks and education......Page 122
(i) Chrysostom on himself......Page 126
(ii) Pseudo-Martyrius......Page 127
(iii) Palladius......Page 129
(iv) Socrates: was Chrysostom for some time associated with Euagrius, son of Pompeianus?......Page 130
(i) When was Chrysostom born?......Page 137
(ii) Education and conversion to ascetic life......Page 139
(i) Literary works and sermons: two genres......Page 146
(ii) Adversus oppugnatores vitae monasticae......Page 154
(iii) De sancto Babyla, contra Iulianum et gentiles......Page 161
(iv) Ascetic writings addressed to women: on widows and virgins......Page 165
(v) Chrysostom’s advice to male ascetics......Page 171
(vi) Penitence and contrition......Page 174
(i) Themes......Page 179
(ii) Provenance and date of De sacerdotio......Page 181
(iii) Chrysostom backs into the priesthood: nolo episcopari......Page 184
(iv) Monasticism in De sacerdotio and later......Page 186
(i) On women and marriage......Page 190
(ii) The date and provenance of Homily 11 and some other homilies on Ephesians......Page 194
(i) Chrysostom as a preacher......Page 198
(ii) Creation of an identity was the result, not the purpose, of preaching......Page 203
(iii) Positive recommendations......Page 207
(iv) Negatives and prohibitions......Page 209
(v) The education of children......Page 211
(vi) The Stoic programme with a difference......Page 216
(vii) The impact of Chrysostom’s sermons......Page 217
(i) Vainglory (omitted)......Page 218
(ii) The Church in a civic emergency: Chrysostom during the Riot of the Statues......Page 222
14. Chrysostom on Church and State......Page 229
(i) Bishop of the imperial residence......Page 237
(ii) The Gainas affair......Page 240
(iii) The ups and downs of Chrysostom’s relationship with Eudoxia up to the Synod of the Oak......Page 244
(iv) Eudoxia and the fall of Chrysostom......Page 247
(v) Why did Arcadius turn against Chrysostom?......Page 251
(vi) Did Chrysostom contemplate resistance after the Synod of the Oak?......Page 254
(vii) Chrysostom and Eudoxia: recall and final exile......Page 257
IV. CONCLUSION......Page 262
(i) Similarities and differences......Page 264
(ii) Ambrose and Chrysostom on priestly duties: De sacerdotio and De officiis ministrorum......Page 267
(iii) Ambrose and Chrysostom on rulers and penitence: the homilies In Oziam and the Apologies for David......Page 269
(iv) Why did Ambrose succeed and Chrysostom fail?......Page 270
(v) Was Chrysostom influenced by Ambrose?......Page 274
17. The Long-Term Influence of Ambrose and Chrysostom......Page 278
Bibliography......Page 290
B......Page 310
C......Page 311
H......Page 312
M......Page 313
P......Page 314
V......Page 315
Z......Page 316